Just before “Treatment as Prevention” hit the headlines with some controversy, PrEP or Pre Exposure Prophylaxis, was on everybody’s lips.

PrEP is an experimental approach that would use antiretroviral medications (ARVs, which are normally used to treat people living with HIV) to reduce the risk of HIV infection in HIV-negative people. In this intervention, HIV-negative people would take a single drug or a combination of drugs with the hope that it would lower their risk of infection if exposed to HIV. PrEP trials are ongoing around the world. (Source: AVAC)

Whilst some …

Treatment as a means to prevent HIV infection has hit the media following a declaration by Brian Williams, professor of epidemiology at the South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis in Stellenbosch, at the AAAS in San Diego.
Whilst the HIV epidemic has shown some signs of stabilisation in the recent years, more than 7,000 people are still infected every day with the virus that causes AIDS.
Despite interesting results of a vaccine trial in Thailand, prevention is still limited to a small number of options many of which are not …

In February 2009 the Microbicide Trial Network (MTN) announced the main finding of its Phase II/IIb Safety and Effectiveness Study of the Vaginal Microbicides 0.5% PRO 2000 Gel for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Women (a.k.a HPTN 035).
This study conducted in Africa and the US was set up to find out if a chemical compound called PRO 2000 could prevent HIV infection in women. The compound itself came as a gel that women needed to apply vaginally prior to have sex. The concept of a product that can be …

The largest clinical trial of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) for people with HIV infection ever run in Africa has found that regular laboratory tests offer little additional clinical benefit to populations when compared to careful clinical monitoring.
The DART study was a controversial one that saw mislead and misleading activists trying to stop a study which outcome could contribute to save many lives.
The study published in The Lancet today concluded that “ART can be delivered safely without routine laboratory monitoring for toxic eff ects, but diff erences in disease progression suggest a …

Several clinical trials have demonstrated the benefit of circumcision in reducing the risk of HIV infection. One of the explanations put forward is that the foreskin is rich in a particular type of cell the HIV virus likes to infect. By getting rid of the foreskin, the risk of HIV infection is reduced.
If this is true then the size of the foreskin should matter too, with a higher risk of HIV infection for those with a larger foreskin than those with a smaller one. This is exactly what a new …